TB 38: Chemical-Free Membrane Degassing in Pharmaceutical Plants
Membrane degasifiers are used instead of chemicals for oxygen and carbon dioxide removal from water.
TB 46: Membrane Contactors Improve EDI Performance
Liqui-Cel® decarbonators are commonly used to remove CO2 after RO and prior to EDI for enhanced performance.
TB 68: Chemical Cost Comparison LC vs. Traditional Deaeration System
This technical brief details the process a company goes through when weighing the operating costs and performance of different degassing systems.
TB 72: Chinese Chemical Plant Optimizes Water Treatment by Replacing Double Pass RO with a Single Pass RO and Liqui-Cel® Contactor System
This case study describes how a chemical company replaced their double pass RO system with RO+Liqui-Cel to Optimize their water treatment process
TB 74: Membrane Contactor technology is used to remove ammonia from industrial wastewater streams
This technical brief describes how Liqui-Cel Membrane Contactors can be used to remove ammonia from industrial wastewater. Compared to competing technolgies, they are more efficient and are able to remove and recover the ammonia in a useable form in a single step.
TB 73: Liqui-Cel® Membrane Contactors Can Help Meet Pure Steam Requirements in Pharmaceutical Industry
This technical paper shows how Liqui-Cel Membrane Contactors can improve the efficiency and reduce operating costs associated with using pure steam to sterilize pharmaceutical products.
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The pharmaceutical industry requires a continuous source of purified water with a conductivity of < 1.3 µS/cm. Controlling and removing the dissolved CO2 from the water will allow the water to reach this conductivity level. Historically chemical dosing with NaOH was used to control the CO2. Today people are moving away from using chemicals because of their negative impact on the environment and the safety implications of people having to handle the chemicals.
Additionally, EDI and CDI have become a common technology for Ion Exchange in the pharmaceutical industry. These technologies operate more efficiently if the dissolved CO2 is first removed from the water. Excess CO2 in the water will load the EDI and require the installation of more EDI stacks than are necessary.
The pharmaceutical industry also requires high water quality without contamination. Liqui-Cel Membrane Contactors offer the ideal solution for gas control in the pharmaceutical industry. Liqui-Cel systems are closed systems that do not introduce environmental contaminants into the water like an old Forced Draft Deaerator used to do. They also replace the need to use chemical injection.
Membrane Contactors also provide simultaneous O2 and CO2 removal which benefits any processes where oxygen can negatively impact the end product. Sometimes oxygen can affect the shelf life or product stability. The contactors offer an easy gas removal system that operates trouble free 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
Membrane Contactors: An Introduction To The Technology
This paper provides a good overview to Membrane Contactor technology. Principles of Membrane Contactor Operation and mass transfer principles are discussed.
Mansfield Brewery Uses Liqui-Cel® Membrane Contactors to Nitrogenate Beer
Nitrogen is added to beer with Liqui-Cel® Contactors to control CO2 content and produce a smooth keg beer that mimics cask–conditioned beer while maintaining the ‘head’ characteristics of a keg beer.
